The activities to commemorate the 300th anniversary of Luis de Góngora’s death were crucial for the self-definition of the «young poetry» group and the Generation of 27. Jorge Guillén, Gerardo Diego, Pedro Salinas, Dámaso Alonso, Federico García Lorca, and Rafael Alberti were the organizers of this homage that took place in Seville, in December 1927.

Among the activities connected with the event, Revista de Occidente published Dámaso Alonso’s edition of Soledades de Góngora; Romances de Góngora, José María de Cossío, editor, and Antología poética en honor de Góngora: desde Lope de Vega a Rubén Darío, Gerardo Diego, editor. There were also special issues of the La Gaceta Literaria(no. 11, June), La Rosa de los Vientos, Verso y Prosa (no. 6, June), and  Litoral (no. 5-6-7, October) dedicated to Góngora throughout 1927.

Zdislas Milner translated into French 20 sonnets by Góngora, published in Paris, in 1928 in the Cahiers d’Art, with illustrations by Ismael González de la Serna. Twenty years later, Picasso published Vingt poèmes de Góngora, with 41 original etchings, and Spanish text hand-written by the artist.  The poems were also printed in French, using Milner’s translation. Picasso used a copy of Ismael González de la Serna’s edition, kept in the National Library in Madrid, for the Spanish texts and made annotations on it, a fact that made that book a rare copy among the Library’s collections. With his contribution, Picasso prolonged the 1927 celebrations, adding a brilliant, surprising dimension to them.