Surely in the history of physics, no one, not even Isaac Newton, has produced so many works that basically transformed its bases such as Albert Einstein.

His four famous articles of 1905 marked his annus mirabilis, Einstein’s “Wonderful Year.” His paper on the particulate nature of light put forward the idea that certain experimental results, notably the photoelectric effect, could be simply understood from the postulate that light interacts with matter as discrete "packets" (quanta) of energy, taking  a step that Max Planck had not dared to do in 1900 when he introduced his famous equation E = hv. (Later, Einstein would make other key contributions to the process that led to quantum mechanics). His paper on Brownian motion explained the random movement of very small objects as direct evidence of molecular action, thus supporting the atomic theory. The third paper on the electrodynamics of moving bodies introduced the radical theory of special relativity, which incorporates the principle that the speed of light is the same for all inertial observers regardless of the state of motion of the source. He resolved the increasingly evident discrepancies between electromagnetism and Newtonian mechanics, introducing fundamental changes to the notion of simultaneity. In the fourth paper, on mass–energy equivalence, Einstein deduced from his equations of special relativity the famous equation:.

In 1915, he extended the principles of relativity to gravity and developed the general theory of relativity, one of the most unique models ever created in physics. The following year he applied this theory to the whole universe, thus creating modern cosmology, although the “cosmological constant” model he suggested then was wrong, as American astrophysicist Edwin Hubble demonstrated.